爬虫
# python-reptile
python 爬虫程序，仓库地址：https://github.com/GuoLiBin6/python-reptile
# 实现功能
输入知乎文章链接，爬取文章内容，按一定格式写入本地文件
# 使用方式
# 目录解释
- article-reptile.py: 实现爬虫的文件
- article-reptile: article-reptile.py 打包为可执行文件后的目录，其中的 article-reptile文件 可在无python linux环境中直接运行
- src: 个人在做爬虫应用项目中的一部分目录，按实际情况定，当前爬虫程序写入本地文件时，会依赖此目录结构写入
# 配置环境
python v3, pip v3, 安装程序中需要的 requests模块，bs4模块
# 使用
# 有python环境：
python article-reptile.py
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# 无python环境：
./article-reptile/article-reptile
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# 实现思路
# requests 模块获取文章内容，BeautifulSoup 初步解析
# 获取文档
def get_remote_html():
# url = 'https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/619085442'
url = input("请输入知乎文章地址：")
req = requests.get(url)
req.encoding = 'utf-8'
html = req.text
domSoup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser') # 用BeautifulSoup解析
return domSoup
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# 解析爬虫结果，生成js dom树节点
# 解析dom
def get_parsed_dom(domObj):
ret = {'type': '', 'class': ''}
name = domObj.name
text = domObj.getText()
# 普通文字
if name == 'p' and text and not text.startswith('GitHub') and not text.startswith('官网地址'):
ret['type'] = 'p'
ret['class'] = 'article-text'
ret['text'] = text
# 一级标题
if name == 'h1' and text:
ret['type'] = 'h1'
ret['class'] = 'article-title mb-3 mt-2'
ret['text'] = text
# 二级标题
elif name == 'h2' and text:
ret['type'] = 'h1'
ret['class'] = 'article-h1 mb-3'
ret['text'] = text
# 三级标题
elif name == 'h3' and text:
ret['type'] = 'h2'
ret['class'] = 'article-h2 mb-3'
ret['text'] = text
elif name == 'img':
# print(domObj)
imgRegx = re.compile(r'img.*src="(.*?)"') # 正则表达式匹配图片
imgUrls = re.findall(imgRegx, str(domObj))
for i, picUrl in enumerate(imgUrls):
if picUrl.startswith('http'):
ret['type'] = 'img'
ret['class'] = 'article-img w-100 mb-3'
ret['text'] = picUrl
elif name == 'li' and text:
ret['type'] = 'li'
ret['text'] = text
ret['class'] = 'article-li mb-3'
elif name == 'a' and text:
ret['type'] = 'a'
ret['text'] = text
ret['href'] = domObj.attrs['href']
ret['class'] = 'article-link mb-3'
return ret
# 获取文档内容
def get_html_info(domSoup):
htmlInfo = {
'title': '',
'content': []
}
# 获得文章结构
# 标题
title = domSoup.find(attrs={"class": "Post-Title"})
titleDom = get_parsed_dom(title)
htmlInfo['content'].append(titleDom)
title = title.get_text()
if (title):
htmlInfo['title'] = title
color_print('成功爬取文章：' + title, 'success')
# 内容
content = domSoup.find(attrs={"class": "RichText"})
for i, child in enumerate(content.descendants):
parseDom = get_parsed_dom(child)
if (parseDom['type']):
htmlInfo['content'].append(parseDom)
return htmlInfo
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# 将内容写入本地文件
# 写入文件
def write_file(htmlInfo):
# 时间
localtime = time.localtime(time.time())
month = time.strftime("%Y%m", localtime)
day = time.strftime("%Y%m%d", localtime)
# article目录
articleDir = os.getcwd() + '/src/article'
# 序号
htmls = os.listdir(articleDir + '/html')
htmlNum = len(htmls)
sortId = str(htmlNum + 1)
color_print('文章序号：' + sortId, 'success')
# 文章Id
has = 0
for i, filename in enumerate(htmls): # 判断是否已经有同名文件
if filename == day + '.html':
has = 1
articleId = day
if (has == 1):
articleId = input("\033[32m请输入文章编号：\033[0m")
color_print('文章ID：' + articleId, 'success')
# 修改 config.js
configPath = articleDir + '/config.js'
for line in fileinput.FileInput(configPath, inplace=1):
lineList = []
if 'defaultArticleId' in line:
lineList.append(" defaultArticleId: '" + articleId + "',\n")
elif 'articleList' in line:
lineList.append(line)
lineList.append(" {\n")
lineList.append(" sortId: " + sortId + ",\n")
lineList.append(" id: '" + articleId + "',\n")
lineList.append(" title: '" + htmlInfo['title'] + "',\n")
lineList.append(" },\n")
else:
lineList.append(line)
sys.stdout.write(''.join(lineList))
# 修改默认文章
htmlLines = []
htmlLines.append('<!DOCTYPE html>\n')
htmlLines.append('<html lang="en">\n')
htmlLines.append('@require(\'../lib/app/components/head.html\')\n')
htmlLines.append('<title>了解云计算_开源融合云_云联壹云</title>\n')
htmlLines.append('<meta name="keywords" content="云计算">\n')
htmlLines.append('<meta name="description" content="云联壹云-云计算">\n')
htmlLines.append('@require(\'../lib/app/components/head2.html\')\n')
htmlLines.append('\n')
htmlLines.append('<body id="version-body">\n')
htmlLines.append(' @require(\'../lib/app/components/header.html\')\n')
htmlLines.append('\n')
htmlLines.append(' <div class="article-dom py-5 mt-2" id="article-dom">\n')
htmlLines.append(' <div class="container">\n')
htmlLines.append(' <div class="article-wrapper">\n')
htmlLines.append(' <!-- 文章内容 -->\n')
htmlLines.append(' <div id="article-content" class="article-content" data-id="' + articleId + '">\n')
htmlLines.append(' <!-- \n')
htmlLines.append(' <h1 class="mb-3 mt-2 article-title"></h1>\n')
htmlLines.append(' <img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/v2-b5d1f2d2699f8b13acb3e2d5690c062f_b.jpg" class="article-img w-70 mb-3" alt="">\n')
htmlLines.append(' <h1 class="mb-3 article-h1"></h1>\n')
htmlLines.append(' <h2 class="mb-3 article-h2"></h1>\n')
htmlLines.append(' <p class="article-text"></p>\n')
htmlLines.append(' -->\n')
# 文章正文
hN = 1
for i, line in enumerate(htmlInfo['content']):
if line['type'] == 'img':
htmlLines.append(' <' + line['type'] + ' class="' + line['class'] + '" src="' + line['text'] + '" />\n')
elif line['class'].startswith('article-h'):
htmlLines.append(' <' + line['type'] + ' class="' + line['class'] + '" id="h-' + str(hN) + '">' + line['text'] + '</' + line['type'] + '>\n')
hN += 1
elif line['type'] == 'a':
htmlLines.append(' <' + line['type'] + ' class="' + line['class'] + '" href="' + line['href'] + '">' + line['text'] + '</' + line['type'] + '>\n')
else:
htmlLines.append(' <' + line['type'] + ' class="' + line['class'] + '">' + line['text'] + '</' + line['type'] + '>\n')
htmlLines.append(' </div>\n')
htmlLines.append(' <div id="article-sidepage" class="article-sidepage">\n')
# 判断是否包含目录
hNum = 0
for i, line in enumerate(htmlInfo['content']):
if 'article-h1' in line['class']:
hNum += 1
if hNum > 0:
htmlLines.append(' <div class="article-catalogue">\n')
htmlLines.append(' <div class="sidepage-title">目录</div>\n')
htmlLines.append(' <div class="catalogue-list" id="article-catalogue-list">\n')
htmlLines.append(' </div>\n')
htmlLines.append(' </div>\n')
else:
htmlLines.append(' <!-- <div class="article-catalogue">\n')
htmlLines.append(' <div class="sidepage-title">目录</div>\n')
htmlLines.append(' <div class="catalogue-list" id="article-catalogue-list">\n')
htmlLines.append(' </div>\n')
htmlLines.append(' </div> -->\n')
htmlLines.append(' <div class="article-others">\n')
htmlLines.append(' <div class="sidepage-title">其它</div>\n')
htmlLines.append(' <div class="other-article-list" id="article-other-list">\n')
htmlLines.append(' <!-- <div class="other-article-item" data-id=""></div> -->\n')
htmlLines.append(' </div>\n')
htmlLines.append(' </div>\n')
htmlLines.append(' </div>\n')
htmlLines.append(' </div>\n')
htmlLines.append(' </div>\n')
htmlLines.append(' </div>\n')
htmlLines.append(' @require(\'../lib/app/components/contact.html\')\n')
htmlLines.append(' @require(\'../lib/app/components/footer.html\')\n')
htmlLines.append('</body>')
htmlLines.append('</html>')
indexHtml = open(articleDir + '/index.html', 'w', encoding='utf-8')
indexHtml.truncate()
indexHtml.write(''.join(htmlLines))
indexHtml.close()
# 新增文章
newHtmlLines = []
for i, line in enumerate(htmlLines):
if ('../' in line):
line = line.replace('../', '../../')
newHtmlLines.append(line)
newHtml = open(articleDir + '/html/' + articleId +
'.html', 'w', encoding='utf-8')
newHtml.truncate()
newHtml.write(''.join(newHtmlLines))
newHtml.close()
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# 主程序入口
# 主程序
def main():
domSoup = get_remote_html()
htmlInfo = get_html_info(domSoup)
write_file(htmlInfo)
main()
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上次更新: 2023-04-18 19:24:52